Symptom guide
Cough
Most coughs are caused by viral infections and resolve in 1–3 weeks. Antibiotics do not help a viral cough. Warning signs include blood in the sputum, weight loss, high fever, or breathlessness.
When to seek emergency care
- Coughing up blood.
- Shortness of breath at rest.
- Chest pain with coughing.
- Cough lasting more than 3 weeks.
- Unintentional weight loss or night sweats.
Safe self-care at home
- Drink warm fluids — water, tea with honey, or broth.
- Use a humidifier or inhale steam from a bowl of hot water.
- Honey (not for infants under 12 months) can ease nighttime cough.
- Rest and avoid smoke exposure.
When to see a clinician
- Cough is getting worse after 5–7 days instead of better.
- High fever persists beyond 3 days.
- Any of the red flags above.
Frequently asked questions
Should I take antibiotics for a cough?
Usually no. Most coughs are viral, and antibiotics do not work against viruses. A clinician will consider antibiotics only if there are signs of a bacterial infection like pneumonia.
How long should a cough last?
A typical viral cough can last 1–3 weeks. A cough that lasts more than 3 weeks, or that comes with weight loss or blood, should be evaluated.
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Ask about coughThis page is general patient education aligned with WHO, CDC, and NHS public guidance. It is not a diagnosis, prescription, or substitute for care from a licensed clinician. If symptoms are severe, worsening, or you are in doubt, contact a healthcare provider or your local emergency number immediately.