Symptom guide
Thyroid problems
The thyroid gland controls metabolism, energy, and body temperature. When it produces too little hormone (hypothyroidism) or too much (hyperthyroidism), it affects nearly every organ. Most thyroid conditions are treatable.
When to seek emergency care
- Thyroid storm: very high fever, extreme rapid heartbeat, confusion — call emergency.
- Myxedema coma: hypothermia, extreme drowsiness, slowed breathing — emergency.
- Sudden severe neck swelling or difficulty breathing.
Safe self-care at home
- Take thyroid medication consistently, on empty stomach for levothyroxine.
- Avoid taking with calcium, iron, or coffee — wait 30–60 min.
- Attend regular follow-up for TSH blood tests.
When to see a clinician
- Persistent fatigue, unexplained weight changes.
- A lump or swelling in the neck.
- Palpitations, tremor, or anxiety worsening.
- Pregnant with known or suspected thyroid issues.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between hypo and hyperthyroidism?
Hypothyroidism (underactive) = too little hormone → fatigue, weight gain, cold. Hyperthyroidism (overactive) = too much → weight loss, rapid heart, anxiety.
What is Hashimoto disease?
Autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the thyroid. Most common cause of hypothyroidism. Managed with levothyroxine replacement.
Can thyroid affect pregnancy?
Yes. Both hypo and hyperthyroidism affect fertility and pregnancy. Levothyroxine dose increases 30–50% during pregnancy. Monitor TSH every 4 weeks.
Ask the live assistant
Get a personalized answer in your language.
MedOS is free, private, and takes no account. Describe your situation and get step-by-step guidance.
Ask about thyroid problemsThis page is general patient education aligned with WHO, CDC, and NHS public guidance. It is not a diagnosis, prescription, or substitute for care from a licensed clinician. If symptoms are severe, worsening, or you are in doubt, contact a healthcare provider or your local emergency number immediately.